An extreme long shot can be taken from as far as a quarter of a mile away from the scene. This type of shot is usually used to set the scene and normally shows the exterior of something (for example a famous building like the eiffel tower) or a landscape (an example of this is the picture on the left. A long shot landscape picture of the famous tourist destination that is known as New York City). An extreme long shot is normally used to show thrilling action scenes, like battles, or disaster films. Not a very large scale of detail is shown in this type of shot as it is meant to give out an impression to the audience rather than detailed information.
Long shot
A long shot is described as an approximately 'life-size' image often of characters in the scene. This means, it is meant to include something called a 'full shot', which shows the entire human body from head to toe, fitting into the shot nicely. If the characters in the image I chose to use on the right weren't submerged in water, you'd be able to see the full shot of both of their whole human bodies. The scene normally focuses on the characters in long shots, but also need to consider the attention to detail in the background aswell. For example, the image on the right which is from the famous film 'Titanic' shows the two characters struggling to push through the water to escape and rescue each other from the sinking ship. You notice in the background that what was once the entrance to the 'rich' part of the ship, the grand staircase, is now being engulfed in water destroying it's beauty.
Medium Shot
A medium shot usually shows the character from their knees/waist up. These types of shots are normally when dialogue is used, or to show action in detail. This shot could vary from a 'Two Shot', which films characters from the waist up. Or the 'Three Shot' which contains three characters in the scene from the waist up. Any more than three, and the scene falls into the 'long shot' catergory. Medium shots have little background detail focusing just on the character. Another varied shot in this catergory is the 'Over-the-shoulder' shot, which positions the camera over the shoulder of the actor, to reveal what their attention is towards.
Close-up Shot
Close up shots doesn't show a lot of background as it is usually blurred away. Instead, this shot fully concentrates on the characters facial expressions, other objects, or specific details of mise en scène. A close-up shot focuses fully on the object, showing the importance of it. It gives us a sort of feel of the character, helps us to explore their thoughts and their mind. Close-ups are known as very intimate shots as usually when somebody is close up to our face it is somebody we know well. This shot is used to make the audience feel either fully comfortable or overly uncomfortable about the character. Usually, a zoom lens is used in order to get the required effect of the framing in the scene.
Extreme Close-up Shot
The clue is in the name as to what this shot provides to the viewer. It is magnifying far more than a close up and not what anybody in the audience would experience in reality. For example, an extreme close-up would only show a single facial feature of a character like their eyes or mouth. No background detail is presented at all. This shot can be used for dramatic effect in a scene. Extra care and consideration should be taken when using different light angles and how the camera is held without shaking should be noted.
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